'Walking the extra mile'

Prologue 11

1 Introduction 13
1.1 Setting the Stage: Attracting International Organizations 13
1.2 Governance Network Approach 15
1.3 Research problem and questions 17
1.4 International Organizations 18
1.5 Interurban competition to host IOs 21
1.6 Research approach 22
1.7 The contribution of this work 24
1.8 The outline of this book 25

2 Theoretical background 27
2.1 Introduction 27
2.2 Governance networks 27
2.3 The instrumental perspective 29
2.4 The discursive perspective 32
2.5 The relational perspective 34
2.6 Network success or failure? 39
2.7 Conclusion 41

3 Research design and operationalization 45
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 Selection of cases 46
3.3 Data collection 49
3.4 Operationalization 51
3.4.1 Operationalizing the success variable 52
3.4.2 Operationalizing the instrumental perspective 52
3.4.3 Operationalizing the discursive perspective 55
3.4.4 Operationalizing the relational perspective 57
3.5 Conclusion 60

4 Geneva 63
4.1 Switzerland and Geneva 63
4.1.1 Case 1: The Green Climate Fund 65
4.1.2 Case 2: The Arms Trade Treaty Secretariat 68
4.2 Instrumental perspective 72
4.3 Discursive perspective 85
4.4 Relational perspective 90
4.5 Conclusions Switzerland and Geneva 96

5 The Hague 99
5.1 The Netherlands and The Hague 99
5.1.1 Case 1: The International Criminal Court 100
5.1.2 Case 2: UNICEF Private Fundraising and Partnerships 105
5.2 Instrumental perspective 108
5.3 Discursive perspective 123
5.4 Relational perspective 128
5.5 Conclusions the Netherlands and The Hague 133

6 Vienna 135
6.1 Austria and Vienna 135
6.1.1 Case 1: The Arms Trade Treaty Secretariat 137
6.1.2 Case 2: Sustainable Energy for All 139
6.2 Instrumental perspective 142
6.3 Discursive perspective 153
6.4 Relational perspective 158
6.5 Conclusions Austria and Vienna 163

7 Copenhagen 165
7.1 Denmark and Copenhagen 165
7.1.1 Case 1: United Nations Office for Project Services 166
7.1.2 Case 2: Sustainable Energy for All 170
7.2 Instrumental perspective 172
7.3 Discursive perspective 184
7.4 Relational perspective 190
7.5 Conclusions Denmark and Copenhagen 195

8 Comparative analysis 197
8.1 Introduction 197
8.2 Measures of Success 197
8.3 Policy design and perception 199
8.4 Similar perceptual frames 203
8.5 Network characteristics 207
8.6 Conclusion 220

9 Conclusions and discussion 223
9.1 Introduction 223
9.2 Reflection on the findings 223
9.3 Theoretical implications 225
9.4 Practical implications 231
9.5 Limitations and future avenues 233

Epilogue 235
References 237
Appendices 251