Fraud Auditing and Forensic Accounting

Preface.
Acknowledgments.

1. Background of Fraud Auditing and Forensic Accounting.
-Introduction.
-Brief History of Fraud and the Anti-fraud Profession.
-The Fraud Cycle.
-Review of Technical Literature.
-Forensic Accountant and Audits.
-Forensic Accountants.
-Fraud Auditors.
-Keys to Effective Fraud Investigation.
-The Anti-fraud Professional's Career.
-Summary.
-Notes.

2. Fraud Principles.
-Introduction.
-Definition: What Is Fraud?
-Synonyms: Fraud, Theft, and Embezzlement.
-Classic Fraud Research.
-Fraud Triangle.
-Scope of Fraud.
-Profile of Fraudsters.
-Who Is Victimized by Fraud Most Often?
-Fraud Taxonomies.
-Evolution of a Typical Fraud.
-Summary.
-Notes.

3. Fraud Schemes.
-Introduction.
-ACFE Fraud Tree.
-Financial Statement Schemes.
-Corruption Schemes.
-Asset Misappropriation Schemes.
-Summary.
-Notes.

4. Red Flags.
-Introduction.
-Professional Standards.
-Common Red Flags.
-Specific Red Flags.
-Fraud Detection Model.
-Summary.
-Notes.

5. Fraud Risk Assessment.
-Introduction.
-Technical Literature and Risk Assessment.
-Risk Assessment Factors.
-Risk Assessment Best Practices.
-Risk Management Checklists and Documentation.
-Summary.
-Notes.

6. Fraud Prevention.
-Introduction.
-Prevention Environment.
-Perception of Detection.
-Classic Approaches.
-Other Prevention Measures.
-Accounting Cycles.
-Summary.
-Notes.

7. Fraud Detection.
-Introduction.
-Fraud Detection Axioms.
-Common Detection Methods.
-Specific Detection Methods
-Summary.
-Appendix 7A: Beneish's Ratios.

8. Fraud Response.
-Introduction.
-Fraud Policy.
-Fraud Response Team.
-Recovery.
-Summary.
-Appendix 8A: ACFE Sample Fraud Policy.
-Appendix 8B: Sample Fraud Policy Decision Matrix.
-Notes.

9. Computer Crime.
-Introduction.
-History and Evolution of Computer Crimes.
-Computer Crime Theories and Categorizations.
-Characteristics of the Computer Environment.
-Information Security (INFOSEC).
-Profiling Internet Fraudsters.
-Summary.
-Notes.

10. Fraud and the Accounting Information System.
-Introduction.
-Accounting Concepts.
-Segregation of Duties.
-Accounting Information Systems.
-Key Personnel.
-Computer Hardware.
-Computer Software.
-New Forms of Media
-Audit Trail Concept.
-Summary.

11. Gathering Evidence.
-Introduction.
-Rules of Evidence.
-Hearsay Exceptions.
-Other Rules of Evidence.
-Summary.
-Notes.

12. Cyber Forensics.
-Introduction.
-Expectation of Privacy.
-Types of Investigations.
-Sources of Digital Data.
-Types of Cyber Data.
-Cyber Forensics Investigation Process.
-Variety of Specialists in Cyber Forensics.
-Summary.
-Notes.

13. Obtaining and Evaluating Non-Financial Evidence in a Fraud Examination.
-Introduction.
-Interviews.
-Body Language.
-Deception Cues.
-Eye Language.
-Statement Analysis.
-SCAN.
-Summary.
-Notes.

14. General Criteria and Standards for Establishing an Expert Witness's.
-Qualifications.
-Introduction.
-Credentials.
-Personal Qualities of the Expert.
-Sources for Locating Expert Witnesses.
-Distinguishing the Actual Area of Competence.
-Summary.
-Notes.

15. The Legal Role and Qualifications of an Expert Witness.
-Introduction.
-Role of a Forensic Accountant as a Witness in Court.
-Legal Qualifications for a Forensic Accountant as an Expert Witness.
-Qualification and Admissibility of Accounting Evidence.
-Expert's Role in the Litigation Team.
-Pretestimony Activities.
-Summary.
-Appendix 15A: Transcript of Typical Court Testimony of Expert Witness.
-Notes.

16. Effective Tactics and Procedures for the Expert Witness in Court.
-Introduction.
-Effective Profile.
-Being a Credible Expert Witness.
-Expert's Role in the Litigation Team.
-Pretestimony Activities.
-Trial and Testimony.
-Survival Techniques.
-Summary.
-Notes.

17. Fraud and the Public Accounting Profession.
-Introduction.
-History of Fraud and the Auditor: A Summary.
-Fraud and the Auditor's Liability.
-Fraud and the Auditor's Responsibility.
-Fraud and the Auditor's Role.
-Summary.
-Notes.

About the Authors.
Index.